Peterson Boone
08/12/2024 · High School
Find the domain and the vertical and horizontal asymptotes. Separate your asymptote answers with commas, if there are multiple, or enter "DNE" if there are none. \( f(x)=\frac{-x^{2}+9}{-3 x^{2}+12} \) Domain: Vertical asymptote(s): \( x=\square \) Horizontal asymptote(s): \( y=\square \)
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To find the domain, vertical asymptotes, and horizontal asymptotes of the function \( f(x) = \frac{-x^{2}+9}{-3x^{2}+12} \), we will analyze the function step by step.
### Domain
The domain of a rational function is all real numbers except where the denominator is zero.
1. Set the denominator equal to zero:
\[
-3x^{2} + 12 = 0
\]
\[
-3x^{2} = -12
\]
\[
x^{2} = 4
\]
\[
x = 2 \quad \text{or} \quad x = -2
\]
Thus, the function is undefined at \( x = 2 \) and \( x = -2 \). Therefore, the domain is:
\[
\text{Domain: } (-\infty, -2) \cup (-2, 2) \cup (2, \infty)
\]
### Vertical Asymptotes
Vertical asymptotes occur where the denominator is zero and the numerator is not zero at those points.
From our previous calculation, the vertical asymptotes are at \( x = 2 \) and \( x = -2 \). We check the numerator at these points:
- For \( x = 2 \):
\[
-x^{2} + 9 = -2^{2} + 9 = -4 + 9 = 5 \quad (\text{not zero})
\]
- For \( x = -2 \):
\[
-(-2)^{2} + 9 = -4 + 9 = 5 \quad (\text{not zero})
\]
Since the numerator is not zero at both points, we confirm the vertical asymptotes:
\[
\text{Vertical asymptote(s): } x = 2, x = -2
\]
### Horizontal Asymptotes
To find horizontal asymptotes, we compare the degrees of the numerator and denominator.
- The degree of the numerator \( -x^{2} + 9 \) is 2.
- The degree of the denominator \( -3x^{2} + 12 \) is also 2.
Since the degrees are equal, we find the horizontal asymptote by taking the ratio of the leading coefficients:
\[
\text{Leading coefficient of the numerator: } -1
\]
\[
\text{Leading coefficient of the denominator: } -3
\]
\[
\text{Horizontal asymptote: } y = \frac{-1}{-3} = \frac{1}{3}
\]
### Summary
Putting it all together, we have:
- Domain: \( (-\infty, -2) \cup (-2, 2) \cup (2, \infty) \)
- Vertical asymptote(s): \( x = 2, x = -2 \)
- Horizontal asymptote(s): \( y = \frac{1}{3} \)
Thus, the final answers are:
- Domain: \( (-\infty, -2) \cup (-2, 2) \cup (2, \infty) \)
- Vertical asymptote(s): \( x = 2, x = -2 \)
- Horizontal asymptote(s): \( y = \frac{1}{3} \)
Quick Answer
Domain: \( (-\infty, -2) \cup (-2, 2) \cup (2, \infty) \)
Vertical asymptote(s): \( x = 2, x = -2 \)
Horizontal asymptote(s): \( y = \frac{1}{3} \)
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