What determines the chemical identity of an element?

The chemical identity of an element is primarily determined by the number of protons in the nucleus of its atoms, which is known as the atomic number. Each element has a unique atomic number that distinguishes it from all other elements. For example, hydrogen has an atomic number of 1 (one proton), while carbon has an atomic number of 6 (six protons). In addition to the atomic number, the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus, which is influenced by the number of protons, also plays a significant role in determining the chemical properties of the element. The electron configuration affects how an element interacts with other elements and compounds, influencing its reactivity, bonding behavior, and overall chemical behavior. In summary, the atomic number (number of protons) is the primary determinant of an element's identity, while the electron configuration contributes to its chemical properties.