Alexander Lane
05/31/2023 · High School

Dada \( A=\left(\begin{array}{ll}a & b \\ c & d\end{array}\right) \) con \( b \neq 0 \), existe un método sencillo que permite calcular los valores y vectores propios de \( A \). Para ello, se plantea la ecuación con variable \( m \), de la forma: \( b m^{2}+(a-d) m-c=0 \), se despeja \( m \), y para encontrar los valores propios de \( A \), se realiza la operación: \( \lambda=a+b m \). Los autovectores correspondientes son de la forma \( v=\binom{1}{m} \), Al aplicar la teoria anterior a la matriz \( A=\left(\begin{array}{cc}8 & 3 \\ -1 & 4\end{array}\right) \), la ecuación que se debe resolveres:

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Para la matriz \( A = \left(\begin{array}{cc} 8 & 3 \\ -1 & 4 \end{array}\right) \), la ecuación a resolver es \( 3 m^{2} + 4 m + 1 = 0 \). Los valores propios son \( 7 \) y \( 5 \), y los autovectores correspondientes son \( \begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ -\frac{1}{3} \end{pmatrix} \) y \( \begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ -1 \end{pmatrix} \).

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