Willis Ayala
06/07/2023 · Junior High School
1. Find the length of the parametric curve \[ x=\left(t^{2}-4\right)^{3 / 2}, \quad y=1-3 t^{2} \] from \( t=2 \) to \( t=3 \)
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To find the length of the parametric curve given by the equations
\[
x = (t^2 - 4)^{3/2}, \quad y = 1 - 3t^2
\]
from \( t = 2 \) to \( t = 3 \), we use the formula for the length of a parametric curve:
\[
L = \int_{a}^{b} \sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2} \, dt
\]
where \( a = 2 \) and \( b = 3 \).
First, we need to compute \( \frac{dx}{dt} \) and \( \frac{dy}{dt} \).
1. **Calculate \( \frac{dx}{dt} \)**:
\[
x = (t^2 - 4)^{3/2}
\]
Using the chain rule:
\[
\frac{dx}{dt} = \frac{3}{2} (t^2 - 4)^{1/2} \cdot \frac{d}{dt}(t^2 - 4) = \frac{3}{2} (t^2 - 4)^{1/2} \cdot 2t = 3t(t^2 - 4)^{1/2}
\]
2. **Calculate \( \frac{dy}{dt} \)**:
\[
y = 1 - 3t^2
\]
Differentiating with respect to \( t \):
\[
\frac{dy}{dt} = -6t
\]
3. **Substituting into the length formula**:
Now we substitute \( \frac{dx}{dt} \) and \( \frac{dy}{dt} \) into the length formula:
\[
L = \int_{2}^{3} \sqrt{\left(3t(t^2 - 4)^{1/2}\right)^2 + (-6t)^2} \, dt
\]
Calculating the squares:
\[
\left(3t(t^2 - 4)^{1/2}\right)^2 = 9t^2(t^2 - 4)
\]
\[
(-6t)^2 = 36t^2
\]
Thus, we have:
\[
L = \int_{2}^{3} \sqrt{9t^2(t^2 - 4) + 36t^2} \, dt
\]
Factoring out \( 9t^2 \):
\[
L = \int_{2}^{3} \sqrt{9t^2((t^2 - 4) + 4)} \, dt = \int_{2}^{3} \sqrt{9t^2(t^2)} \, dt = \int_{2}^{3} 3t^2 \, dt
\]
4. **Evaluating the integral**:
Now we compute the integral:
\[
L = 3 \int_{2}^{3} t^2 \, dt
\]
The integral of \( t^2 \) is:
\[
\int t^2 \, dt = \frac{t^3}{3}
\]
Thus,
\[
L = 3 \left[ \frac{t^3}{3} \right]_{2}^{3} = \left[ t^3 \right]_{2}^{3} = 3^3 - 2^3 = 27 - 8 = 19
\]
Therefore, the length of the parametric curve from \( t = 2 \) to \( t = 3 \) is
\[
\boxed{19}
\]
Quick Answer
The length of the parametric curve from \( t = 2 \) to \( t = 3 \) is 19.
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