2. How did Enlightenment Ideas challenge political absolutism? 3. Who are the most prominent Enlightenment thinkers, what were their most important intellectual contributions to the Enlightenment, and what were some long term effects of these contributions? 4. What were the immediate effects of the Enlightenment? 5. How did the abolitionist movement in Britain begin? 5. What is "Enlightened Despotism"? Provide and example and a list of accomplishments of this monarch that are consistent with Enlightenment ideals.

1. Enlightenment Ideas challenged political absolutism by advocating for reason, individual rights, and the rule of law. 2. Prominent Enlightenment thinkers include Locke, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Kant. They contributed to natural rights, social contract theory, religious tolerance, and moral duty. Their long-term effects include modern political theories, democracy, human rights, and the French Revolution. 3. Immediate effects of the Enlightenment were the spread of new ideas, questioning of authority, scientific inquiry, new political theories, and the rise of secularism. 4. The abolitionist movement in Britain began in the late 18th century with efforts to end slavery, leading to its abolition in 1807 and 1833. 5. Enlightened Despotism is when absolute monarchs rule with consent and promote the welfare of their people. Frederick the Great of Prussia is an example, with accomplishments like promoting education, science, military and administrative reforms, and cultural and intellectual development.