Bernard Tran
07/03/2023 · Primary School

Determinación de los productos de dos matrices En los ejercicios 17 a 30, halle (a) \( A B \) y (b) \( B A \) (si están definidas). 17. \( A=\left[\begin{array}{rr}1 & 2 \\ 4 & 2\end{array}\right], \quad B=\left[\begin{array}{rr}2 & -1 \\ -1 & 8\end{array}\right] \) 18. \( A=\left[\begin{array}{rr}2 & -2 \\ -1 & 4\end{array}\right], \quad B=\left[\begin{array}{rr}4 & 1 \\ 2 & -2\end{array}\right] \)

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Para resolver los ejercicios, vamos a calcular los productos de las matrices \( A \) y \( B \) en ambos órdenes, \( A B \) y \( B A \), si están definidos. ### Ejercicio 17 Dadas las matrices: \[ A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 4 & 2 \end{bmatrix}, \quad B = \begin{bmatrix} 2 & -1 \\ -1 & 8 \end{bmatrix} \] #### (a) Calcular \( A B \) \[ A B = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 4 & 2 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 2 & -1 \\ -1 & 8 \end{bmatrix} \] Calculamos cada elemento de la matriz resultante: - Elemento (1,1): \[ 1 \cdot 2 + 2 \cdot (-1) = 2 - 2 = 0 \] - Elemento (1,2): \[ 1 \cdot (-1) + 2 \cdot 8 = -1 + 16 = 15 \] - Elemento (2,1): \[ 4 \cdot 2 + 2 \cdot (-1) = 8 - 2 = 6 \] - Elemento (2,2): \[ 4 \cdot (-1) + 2 \cdot 8 = -4 + 16 = 12 \] Por lo tanto, \[ A B = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 15 \\ 6 & 12 \end{bmatrix} \] #### (b) Calcular \( B A \) \[ B A = \begin{bmatrix} 2 & -1 \\ -1 & 8 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 4 & 2 \end{bmatrix} \] Calculamos cada elemento de la matriz resultante: - Elemento (1,1): \[ 2 \cdot 1 + (-1) \cdot 4 = 2 - 4 = -2 \] - Elemento (1,2): \[ 2 \cdot 2 + (-1) \cdot 2 = 4 - 2 = 2 \] - Elemento (2,1): \[ -1 \cdot 1 + 8 \cdot 4 = -1 + 32 = 31 \] - Elemento (2,2): \[ -1 \cdot 2 + 8 \cdot 2 = -2 + 16 = 14 \] Por lo tanto, \[ B A = \begin{bmatrix} -2 & 2 \\ 31 & 14 \end{bmatrix} \] ### Resumen del Ejercicio 17 \[ A B = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 15 \\ 6 & 12 \end{bmatrix}, \quad B A = \begin{bmatrix} -2 & 2 \\ 31 & 14 \end{bmatrix} \] --- ### Ejercicio 18 Dadas las matrices: \[ A = \begin{bmatrix} 2 & -2 \\ -1 & 4 \end{bmatrix}, \quad B = \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 1 \\ 2 & -2 \end{bmatrix} \] #### (a) Calcular \( A B \) \[ A B = \begin{bmatrix} 2 & -2 \\ -1 & 4 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 1 \\ 2 & -2 \end{bmatrix} \] Calculamos cada elemento de la matriz resultante: - Elemento (1,1): \[ 2 \cdot 4 + (-2) \cdot 2 = 8 - 4 = 4 \] - Elemento (1,2): \[ 2 \cdot 1 + (-2) \cdot (-2) = 2 + 4 = 6 \] - Elemento (2,1): \[ -1 \cdot 4 + 4 \cdot 2 = -4 + 8 = 4 \] - Elemento (2,2): \[ -1 \cdot 1 + 4 \cdot (-2) = -1 - 8 = -9 \] Por lo tanto, \[ A B = \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 6 \\ 4 & -9 \end{bmatrix} \] #### (b) Calcular \( B A \) \[ B A = \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 1 \\ 2 & -2 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 2 & -2 \\ -1 & 4 \end{bmatrix} \] Calculamos cada elemento de la matriz resultante: - Elemento (1,1): \[ 4 \cdot 2 + 1 \cdot (-1) = 8 - 1 = 7 \] - Elemento (1,2): \[ 4 \cdot (-2) + 1 \cdot 4 = -8 + 4 = -4 \] - Elemento (2,1): \[ 2 \cdot 2 + (-2) \cdot (-1) = 4 + 2 = 6 \] - Elemento (2,2): \[ 2 \cdot (-2) + (-2) \cdot 4 = -4 - 8 = -12 \] Por lo tanto, \[ B A = \begin{bmatrix} 7 & -4 \\ 6 & -12 \end{bmatrix} \] ### Resumen del Ejercicio 18 \[ A B = \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 6 \\ 4 & -9 \end{bmatrix}, \quad B A = \begin{bmatrix} 7 & -4 \\ 6 & -12 \end{bmatrix} \]

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### Ejercicio 17 \[ A B = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 15 \\ 6 & 12 \end{bmatrix}, \quad B A = \begin{bmatrix} -2 & 2 \\ 31 & 14 \end{bmatrix} \] ### Ejercicio 18 \[ A B = \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 6 \\ 4 & -9 \end{bmatrix}, \quad B A = \begin{bmatrix} 7 & -4 \\ 6 & -12 \end{bmatrix} \]
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